ATS Tipo 100

ATS Tipo 100 1960s Italian classic F1 car

Few F1 cars can top the ATS Tipo 100 for eyebrow-raising intrigue. In ’61, Ferrari’s race division was riding high. As F1’s new 1.5-litre era dawned, prospects for the Italian marque looked rosy. The fire-engine red, shark-nosed Ferraris ruled the F1 roost. Enzo Ferrari – founder of the firm – was, doubtless, very happy. Not so, some of his employees. At the end of the ’61 season, Enzo fell out with his top engineers. The outcome was that they picked up their spanners and left.

Ring-leader of the Ferrari rebels was Carlo Chiti. Rotund of build – and temperamental by nature – he was widely considered a design genius. He was also thought of as a thoroughly nice chap. Chiti led his troop of dissident technicians to Sasso Marconi – near Bologna. In no time, he had set up his own factory/foundry. He had financial clout – courtesy of a trio of industrialists. Chiti was a man on a motor racing mission. Following the mass walk-out from Modena, Ferrari found they had a rival. Namely, ATS – or, Automobili Turismo Sport. There was now a new team on the Bologna block. And Carlo Chiti was the man in charge.

The V8-powered ATS Tipo 100 debuted at the ’63 Belgian GP. It created quite a stir at Spa Francorchamps. In a piece of PR many a more modern team would be proud of, the ATS transporter was parked away from the paddock. F1 aficionados could talk of nothing else. When the Tipo 100s were revealed, the buzz was electric. Come the green light, however, the build-up was not backed up on the track. From the mechanics’ perspective, the cars were far from ideal. To wit, their chassis had to be sawn, then re-welded – just to change the engines. Not really what an ex-Ferrari race engineer was used to! Certainly, two high-calibre drivers had been recruited to the ATS cause. Phil Hill was a former world champion. And Giancarlo Bhagetti had won the ’61 French GP. As it turned out, though, even their combined talents could not stop the Tipo 100 under-achieving. Through ’63 – and the following two seasons – results ranged from disappointing to dire. Over time, the ATS project petered out. Its gallant challenge to the force of Ferrari failed. Nonetheless, Chiti – and his renegade team – displayed courage and integrity. In the end, though, the small-scale ATS team – and the Tipo 100 – simply ran out of steam!

Ferrari 312T

The 312T won the ’75 F1 World Championship. Ferrari were cock-a-hoop. It had been eleven long years since the last one. Having the great Niki Lauda as driver helped, of course. But, Lauda would have been first to acknowledge the contribution of a fellow member of the Ferrari team. Namely, Mauro Forghieri – who designed the 312T’s engine.

The Ferrari flat-12’s motor had slimmer bores than those of the V-configured layouts of other teams. That allowed them to rev higher. Increased engine speeds meant more horsepower. It also meant more fuel consumption – so the 312T hit the grid heavier than its rivals. Thus, it fell to Ferrari’s strategists to erase that handicap as the race wore on. They obviously made a good fist of it. Lauda won three consecutive races – 5, 6 and 7 – in Monaco, Belgium and Sweden. He had added two more by season’s end. Deservedly, then, he took his first World Championship. Small wonder he described it as ‘the unbelievable year’! To be fair to their competitors – not least, Brabham – Ferrari’s car was head and shoulders above the rest.

Engine man Mauro Forghieri’s masterstroke was his positioning of the 312T’s gearbox. The horizontally-opposed flat-12 set-up meant the motor’s mass sat lower. The result was better handling. Still a bit twitchy – but a big improvement on the Ferrari 312B3’s understeer. Forghieri took weight distribution a step further. By placing the gearbox behind the engine, mass was not just lowered – but more centralised, too. The 312T now manoeuvred as well as it moved. At the start of the ’76 season, the 312T was to win another three back-to-back GPs. But, ’75 had been the car’s finest hour. Niki Lauda – alongside team-mate Clay Regazzoni – had done the Tifosi proud. The Scuderia Ferrari fanatics had seen their team restored to the upper echelon of world motorsport. So, on top of being one of the most iconic race cars ever built, the 312T was a terrific all-round package. As such – in terms of technology – Ferrari pointed the way to the fully-integrated future of F1.

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